SIMPLE DISTILLATION UNITS

Standard Units/Assemblies are multi-purpose units having flexibility of utility. These units have been standardized by incorporating all basic & essential features such as heating, stirring, condensation, fractionation, cooling etc. for multi-purpose use. Therefore, though termed “Standard Units” from constructional view point they actually serve as “Flexi Units” from utility point of view.

These units find use in educational institutions, R&D centers and industries. They can be conveniently and quickly modified according to specific process needs due to modular construction. Borosilicate glass offers additional benefits of universal corrosion resistance, visibility and cleanliness.

REACTION UNIT

This unit is used for carrying out reactions under stirred condition and with provision for simple reflux distillation.

The reaction vessel is mounted in a heating bath and fitted with addition vessel, motor-driven stirrer and provision for condensation with refluxing. The product is sub-cooled and collected in a receiver.

The units are available in vessel sizes of 20, 50, 100 & 200L and is suitable for operation under atmospheric pressure and full vacuum.

FRACTIONAL DISTILLATION UNIT

This is essentially a compact batch-type fractional distillation unit in which the reboiler consists of a vessel mounted in a heating bath and with a packed column above. The vapours from top is condensed and can be refluxed as per requirement.

The top product is sub-cooled and collected in receivers. The bottom product is finally drained from the roboiler through a drain valve.

The units are available in vessel sizes of 20, 50, 100 & 200L and is suitable for operation under atmospheric pressure and full vacuum.

REACTION DISTILLATION UNIT

This is versatile unit and can be used as Reaction Distillation Unit, Fractional Distillation Unit or a combination of both. All features of Reaction Distillation Unit and Fractional Distillation Unit are incorporated.

The units are available in vessel sizes of 20, 50, 100 & 200L and is suitable for operation under atmospheric pressure and full vacuum.

LIQUID-LIQUID EXTRACTION UNIT

Liquid extraction, sometimes called solvent extraction, is the separation of constituents of a liquid solution by contact with another insoluble liquid. The unit described here is for a semi-batch operation.

The liquid to be extracted is poured into an extraction vessel. Solvent is boiled in a reboiler vessel and condensed in an overhead condenser, the condensed liquid collecting in a reflux divider and passing through pipework to the extraction vessel. The pipework incorporates valves in order that the solvent can enter the extraction vessel at either the base of the top, depending on the relative densities of the solvent and liquid to be extracted. The solvent and the extracted liquid pass back to the reboiler and the process is repeated until the extraction is complete. The extraction vessel is then drained and the solvent evaporated from the reboiler vessel and collected in the extraction vessel enabling the two liquids to be drained from their respective vessels.

The units are available in vessel sizes of 10, 20 & 50L and is suitable for operation under atmospheric pressure.

SOLID-LIQUID EXTRACTION UNIT

This operation involves preferential solublising of one or m`ore soluble constituents (solutes) of a solid mixture by a liquid solvent. The unit described here is for a semi-batch operation.

The solid to be extracted is put inside a glass fiber bag and placed in an extraction vessel. Solvent from the reboiler is continuously evaporated, condensed and circulated through a reflux divider by means of piping network and valves. When desired steady concentration of solute is achieved in the solution the operation is discontinued. The solution is drained off and collected for further use.

After charging fresh solid in fiber bag and solvent in reboiler, the cycle can be restarted again.

The unit is available in vessel sizes of 10, 20, & 50L and is suitable for operation under atmospheric pressure.

ASSEMBLIES OVER GLASS LINED REACTOR

Glass Lined Reactors are used instead of glass reactors specially when scale of operation is large and relatively high pressure steam is to be used as heating media.

Quite often assemblies like Simple Distillation Unit, Reaction Distillation Unit, Fractional Distillation Unit etc. are installed above glass lined reactors. The basic features of these assemblies remain the same but glass shell and tube heat exchanger is preferred due to large scale of operation. A typical fractional distillation unit type assembly over GLR is shown in nearby figure.

JACKETED REACTOR

Jacketed reactors are similar to glass lined reactors with provision for heating by steam/thermic fluid through the jacket. Transparency permits to visibility.

Features like thermometer pocket, motor-driven stirrer, gas sparger etc. are incorporated as per requirement. A baffle battery consisting of 4 baffles can be mounted inside Assemblies like Simple Distillation Unit, Reaction Distillation Unit, Fractional Distillation Unit etc. can be installed above these reactors if required.